Editors Emeriti
John W. Frymoyer, MD
Alan M. Levine, MD
William P. Cooney III, MD

Deputy Editors
Jeffrey O. Anglen, MD
Indiana University Medical Center
Indianapolis, Indiana

Christopher M. Bono, MD
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts

Andrea Cracchiolo III, MD
University of California
Los Angeles, California

Frank J. Frassica, MD
Johns Hopkins University
Baltimore, Maryland

Alan S. Hilibrand, MD
Thomas Jefferson University
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Peter Jokl, MD
Yale University
New Haven, Connecticut

Lori A. Karol, MD
Texas Scottish Rite Hospital
Dallas, Texas

William N. Levine, MD
Columbia University
New York, New York

Jay R. Lieberman, MD
University of Connecticut Health Center
Farmington, Connecticut

Robert J. Strauch, MD
Columbia University
New York, New York

Editorial Review Board
Howard S. An, MD
James L. Beskin, MD
Larry K. Chidgey, MD
Laurence E. Dahners, MD
Edward Diao, MD
Gary E. Friedlaender, MD
James G. Garrick, MD
Andrew H. Glassman, MD
Christopher D. Harner, MD
Richard J. Haynes, MD
Geoffrey H. Johnston, MD
Ronald W. Lindsey, MD
David A. Mattingly, MD
Kathleen A. McHale, MD
Robert D. Monsey, MD
Peter Newton, MD
Kevin D. Plancher, MD
Brian A. Shaw, MD
Walter H. Short, MD
Alexander R. Vaccaro, MD
Jon J. P. Warner, MD

First Vice President
John J. Callaghan, MD

Second Vice President
Daniel J. Berry, MD

Treasurer
Frederick M. Azar, MD

Past President
E. Anthony Rankin, MD

Members-At-Large
Leesa M. Galatz, MD
Michael Lloyd Parks, MD
Michael F. Schafer, MD
Paul Tornetta III, MD

Chair, Board of Councilors
Thomas C. Barber, MD

Chair-Elect, Board of Councilors
Richard J. Barry, MD

Secretary, Board of Councilors
David Teuscher, MD

Chair, Board of Specialty Societies (BOS)
William J. Robb III, MD

Chair-Elect, Board of Specialty Societies (BOS)
M. Bradford Henley, MD, MBA

Secretary, Board of Specialty Societies (BOS)
Jeffrey Anglen, MD

Board Member
James P. Tasto, MD

Lay Member
George Zachary Wilhoit, MS, MBA

Chief Executive Officer
Karen L. Hackett, FACHE, CAE

Chief Education Officer
Mark W. Wieting

Director, Department of Publications
Marilyn L. Fox, PhD

Editorial and Production

Executive Editor
G. Jake Jaquet

Managing Editor
David C. Smith

Senior Editor
Laura E. Goetz

Medical Editor
Terrance Stanton

Manuscript Coordinator
Adria R. Landy

Senior Manager, Production and Archives
Mary Steermann Bishop

Advertising Production Manager
David R. Wiegand

Assistant Production Manager
Courtney Astle

Database Coordinator
Anne Raci

Production Coordinator
Susan Morritz Baim

Graphic Designer
Suzanne O'Reilly

Production and Database Associate
Abram Fassler

Permissions Coordinator
Karen Danca

Page Production Assistants
Charlie Baldwin